Unit 3: Control Structures
Conditional Statements
- if Statement: Executes a block of code if a condition is true.
if (condition) { // Code to execute if the condition is true }
- if-else Statement: Executes one block of code if the condition is true and another if it’s false.
if (condition) { // Code to execute if the condition is true } else { // Code to execute if the condition is false }
Loops
- for Loop: Repeats a block of code for a specified number of iterations.
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { // Code to repeat }
- while Loop: Repeats a block of code as long as a condition is true.
while (condition) { // Code to repeat }
Unit 4: Methods
Defining Methods
- Method Signature: Consists of the method name and parameter list.
returnType methodName(parameter1Type parameter1Name, parameter2Type parameter2Name) { // Method body }
Calling Methods
- Method Call: Execute a method’s code by calling it with appropriate arguments.
int result = methodName(arg1, arg2);
Method Overloading
- Method Overloading: Defining multiple methods with the same name but different parameter lists.
int sum(int a, int b) { return a + b; } double sum(double a, double b) { return a + b; }
Return Statements
- Return Statement: Used to return a value from a method with a return type.
int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }
Recursion
- Recursion: A method calls itself to solve a problem.
int factorial(int n) { if (n == 0) { return 1; } else { return n * factorial(n - 1); } }